The Tort Caused by the Transmission of Coronavirus Infection (A comparative study)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35246/jols.v37i1.456Keywords:
civil liability, transmission of infection, compensation, elements of liability, basis of liability, legal obligationsAbstract
The Corona pandemic has raised many repercussions on all levels and fields, and several questions have arisen, especially in the legal field, where many responsibilities arise due to the way this pandemic is dealt with, exploited by some, or neglected some obligations imposed to confrontit. Civil responsibility emerges as an important part in the scope of dealing with the effects of the Corona pandemic, as some people deliberately or negligently tend to harm others, which calls for resorting to the provisions of civil responsibility. It seems that the burden of civil responsibility falls not only on individuals, but also on private and public legal persons alike.
Downloads
References
First: in Arabic
A - books
i. Al-Rashida, Ibrahim Ahmed Mohamed, 2010, Civil Responsibility of The Anesthesiologist, Matba't Shatat.
ii. Ghanem, Dr. Ismail, without publication year, The General Theory of Commitment, Provisions of Commitment, Matba't Al-Nasr.
iii. Kana'n, Dr. Ahmed, 2010, The Jurisprudence Medical Encyclopedia, 3rd Edition, Dar Al-Nafais, Amman.
iv. Bouzid, Dr. El-Din Al-Jilali, 2010, Repairing Damage Resulted From Terrorist Acts and The Rules of Administrative Responsibility, College of Law and Political Science, Jameat Al-Malk S'uod.
v. Mohamed, Dr. Amin Mustafa, 2009, Penal Code, General Section, Dar Al-Nahdha Al-Arabiya, Cairo.
vi. El Hefny, Abd Al-Hamid Othman, 2010, The General Theory of Obligations, Section Two, Jameat Al-Mansoura.
vii. Al-Hakim, Dr. Abd Al-Majeed, 2007, The Brief Explanation of Civil Law, Sources of Commitment, Al-Maktaba Al-Qanonia, Baghdad.
viii. Al-Far, Abd Al-Qader, 2009, Sources of Obligation, Sources of Personal Right in Civil Law, Dar Al-Thakafa Llnasher Waltawzea, Amman.
ix. Al-Ar’ari, Abd Al-kader, 2011, Civil Liability, third edition, Dar Al-Aman, Rabat, Morocco.
x. Al-Ar’ari, Abd Al-Qader, 2011, Sources of Obligations, Civil Liability, Volume 2, Dar Al-Aman, Rabat.
xi. Al-Sarhan, Adnan, and Khater, Nouri, 2012, Explanation of Civil Law, Sources of Personal Rights and Obligations, Fifth Edition, Dar Al-Thakafa Llnasher Waltawzea, Amman, Jordan.
xii. Filali, Ali, 2010, Obligations of Deeds Due for Compensation, 2nd Edition. Dar Movem Llnasher Waltawzea, Algeria.
xiii. Belkacem, Ali Masoud Muhammad, 2013, Explanation of The Libyan Civil and Commercial Procedures Law, Dar Ahamouda Llnasher Waltawzea, Libya.
xiv. Najida, Ali, 2010, The General Theory of Commitment, Book One, Sources of Commitment, Dar Al-Nahdha Al-Arabiya, Cairo.
xv. Abd Allah, Al-Qadhy Salman Obaid, 2009, Chosen by The Federal Court of Cassation, Civil Division, without publishing house, Baghdad.
xvi. Al-Tamawi, Dr. Suleiman, 1984, Administrative Judiciary, Compensation Judgment and Methods of Appealing Judgments, A Comparative Study, Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi, Cairo.
xvii. Tanago, Samir Abd Al-Sayed, Without Publication Year, Basic Principles in Commitment Theory, Sources of Commitment, Mansha'at al-Maaref, Alexandria.
xviii. Tanago, Samir Abd Al-Sayed, 2009, Sources of Obligation, First Edition, Maktabat Al-Wafa Al-Qanonia, Alexandria.
xix. Khedr, Dr. Tariq Fathallah, 2002 - 2005, Administrative Judiciary - Compensation Judiciary, Dar Al-Nahdha Al-Arabiya, Cairo.
xx. Al-Bayh, Mohsen Abd Al-Hamid, 2011, The General Theory of Obligations, Sources of Obligation, Part Two - Involuntary Sources, Dar Al-Nahdha Al-Arabiya, Cairo.
xxi. Al-Bayh, Mohsen Abd Al-Hamid, 2011, The General Theory of Obligations, Part One, Dar Al-Nahdha Al-Arabiya, Cairo.
xxii. Al-Jundi, Muhammad Sabri, 2015, in Tort - Responsibility for The Harmful Act, Volume 1, Dar Al-Thakafa, Amman.
xxiii. Al-Jundi, Muhammad Sabri, 2015, Responsibility for the Harmful Act, Volume 1, Dar Al-Thakafa, Amman.
xxiv. Siwar, Muhammad Waheed, 2010, General Trends in The Jordanian Civil Law, a Comparative study of Islamic jurisprudence.
xxv. Dr.. Abdel Latif, Muhammad, 2010, recent developments in administrative responsibility, Arab Renaissance House edition.
xxvi. Abd Al-Latif, Dr. Muhammad, 2002, Administrative Judiciary Law, Dar Al-Nahdha Al-Arabiya, Cairo.
xxvii. Saad, Nabil Ibrahim, 2012, The General Theory of Obligations, Dar Al-Jamea Al-Jadeda.
xxviii. Al-Shujairi, Nada, 2014, Effects of The Invalidity of The Contract, a comparative study, 1st Edition, Maktabat Al-Sanhoury, Baghdad.
xxix. Al-Sarhan, Nouri, 2012, Explanation of The Jordanian Civil Law, Dar Al-Thakafa Llnasher Waltawzea.
xxx. Youssef, Youssef Salah El-Din, 2008, Effects of Infectious Diseases, Dar Al-Fikr Al-Arabi, Alexandria.
B - Research:
i. Al-Da'jani, Hammoud bin Mohsen, 2020, Criminal Responsibility Arising From Infection with The Emerging corona Virus Pandemic, a Jurisprudential Study, Research Published in The Journal of the Islamic University of Sharia Sciences, No. 193.
ii. Saad, Adel Hussain, 2012, The Role of Civil Protection in Facing the Disaster and Crisis Management Method, Sharjah Police General Command - Police Research Center.
iii. Ahmed, Abd al-Salam Ahmad Bani, 2020, The Tort Responsibility of The Transmission of Infection (Coronavirus) in Jordanian law / Comparative Study, Research Published in The Annals of the University of Algiers, Volume 34, Special Issue: Law and the Covid-19 pandemic.
iv. Al Khalfi, Dr. Abd Al-Rahman, 2011, The extent of The State’s Responsibility to Compensate Crime Victims, an article published in the Sharia and Law Journal, Issue 47, July.
v. Soualem, Sofiane, 2020, Insurance Against The Risk of The Corona Virus Pandemic (Covid-19), Published Research in the Annals of the University of Algiers, Volume 32: Special Issue / Law and the Covid 19 Pandemic.
vi. Hassan, Nasreen Faleh, 2019, The Role of The World Health Organization in Dealing with the Corona Pandemic / study in The Light of International Situations, Lark Journal of Philosophy, Linguistics and Social Sciences, No. 40.
C - Theses and Letter
i. Al-Jubouri, Iyad Ali Ahmed, 2015, Criminal Responsibility for Transmissible Crimes, a master’s Letter, College of Law / University of Mosul.
Second: Foreign Sources
i. André de LAUBADERE, 1990, «Traité élémentaire de Droitadministratifs,L.G.D.AJ.,11e éd.
ii. Bernard STIRN, 1991, «le Conseil d'Etat, son rôle, sa jurisprudence », HACHETTE.
iii. Cour de cassation, civile, Chambre civile 1, 14 avril 2016, 14-23.909, Publié au, Bulletin .
iv. CA Colmar, 2020, 12 mars 2020, n° 20/01098. CA Colmar6 oth ch. Ord. March 12.
v. G. Darcy, 1995, "La responsabilité de l'administration", Dalloz.
vi. DOSSIER THÉMATIQUE, Le Conseil d'Etat Ressources Études & publications Dossiers thématiques L'engagement de la responsabilité des hôpitaux publics.
vii. LOI n° 2020-546 du 11 mai 2020 prorogeant l'état d'urgence sanitaire et complétant ses dispositions.
viii. Loi n° 2002–303 du 4 mars 2002 relative aux droits des malades et à la qualité du
ix. système de santé, 2020, NOR: MESX0100092L. Version consolidée au 30 mai.
x. D. Truchet, 1993, "A propos et autour de la responsabilité hospitalière", Revue de droit sanitaire et social, jany. - mars.
xi. Ch. "DEBBASCH", 1982, Institutions et Droit administratif, les structures. 4 administratives", 2e ed.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2022 Journal of Legal Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Copyright and Licensing:
For all articles published in Journal of Legal Sciences, copyright is retained by the authors. Articles are licensed under an open access Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 license, meaning that anyone may download and read the paper for free. In addition, the article may be reused and quoted provided that the original published version is cited. These conditions allow for maximum use and exposure of the work.
Reproducing Published Material from other Publishers: It is absolutely essential that authors obtain permission to reproduce any published material (figures, schemes, tables or any extract of a text) which does not fall into the public domain, or for which they do not hold the copyright. Permission should be requested by the authors from the copyrightholder (usually the Publisher, please refer to the imprint of the individual publications to identify the copyrightholder).
Permission is required for: Your own works published by other Publishers and for which you did not retain copyright.
Substantial extracts from anyones' works or a series of works.
Use of Tables, Graphs, Charts, Schemes and Artworks if they are unaltered or slightly modified.
Photographs for which you do not hold copyright.
Permission is not required for: Reconstruction of your own table with data already published elsewhere. Please notice that in this case you must cite the source of the data in the form of either "Data from..." or "Adapted from...".
Reasonably short quotes are considered fair use and therefore do not require permission.
Graphs, Charts, Schemes and Artworks that are completely redrawn by the authors and significantly changed beyond recognition do not require permission.
Obtaining Permission
In order to avoid unnecessary delays in the publication process, you should start obtaining permissions as early as possible. If in any doubt about the copyright, apply for permission. Journal of Legal Sciences cannot publish material from other publications without permission.
The copyright holder may give you instructions on the form of acknowledgement to be followed; otherwise follow the style: "Reproduced with permission from [author], [book/journal title]; published by [publisher], [year].' at the end of the caption of the Table, Figure or Scheme.
