Utilizing Expertise after Retirement

Authors

  • Dr. Muhammad A. Ibrahim College of Law – University of Samarra

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35246/acptjx50

Keywords:

investment, retirees, post-retirement, human resources, retiree employment

Abstract

This research examines the legal framework governing the investment of retirees in Iraq, focusing on their employment after retirement, as one of the ways to benefit from the nation's human capital. The research reviewed the applicable legal provisions, both those related to rights and duties, particularly Resolution No. (361) of 1985 and Instructions No. (7) of 1985. It revealed their inconsistency with constitutional texts and modern laws, such as Labor Law No. (37) of 2015 and Retirement and Social Security Law No. (18) of 2023. The research argues that the absence of specific legislation regulating the employment of retirees has led to the disruption of their energies and their exclusion from the labor market, despite their expertise and competencies. Accordingly, the research calls for the issuance of a special national law addressing this issue, which would ultimately achieve a balance between retirement rights and freedom of work, thus contributing to economic and social development.

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References

Books

i. Multiple Authors. Economy Today: How It Works? Translated by Dr. Hani Saleh, Obikan Library, Riyadh, 2008.

ii. Dr. Hamdi Ahmed Saad. Remote Work (Its Nature – Implementation), Dar Al-Kutub Al-Qanuniya – Dar Shatat for Publishing and Software, Arab Republic of Egypt, 2010.

iii. Charles Shotland. The Social Security Program in the United States, translated by Kamel Ibrahim, Al-Maaref Press, Cairo, 1963.

iv. Richardson, J. Henry. Economic and Financial Aspects of Social Security, translated by Sherif Al-Husseini et al., General Authority of Imperial Presses, Cairo, 1970.

v. Dr. Muhammad Aziz. Labor Economics, Al-Maaref Press, Baghdad, 1958.

vi. Dr. Adel Azer & Dr. Tharwat Ishaq. The Marginalized among the Lower Segments of the Workforce, National Center for Social and Criminal Research, Cairo, 1987.

vii. Dr. Ahmed Ibrahim Hamza. Voluntary Social Work: Reality and Aspirations, 1st edition, Al-Maseera Publishing and Printing House, Amman, 2015.

viii. Dr. Abdullah Al-Hariri. How Are You? A Cognitive-Behavioral Perspective on Public Affairs, Structural Reform, and Social Responsibility, 1st edition, Dhafaf Publications, Beirut, Lebanon, 2014.

ix. Dr. Ahmed Ibrahim Hamza. Social Policy, 1st edition, Al-Maseera Publishing and Printing House, Amman, 2015.

x. Dr. Hassan Shehata Saafan. Social Work: Its Field, History, Programs, and Methods, Anglo-Egyptian Library, Cairo, no date.

xi. Philip Kotler & Nancy. Corporate Social Responsibility, 1st edition, translated by Alaa Ahmed Islah, International House for Cultural Investments, Egypt, 2011.

xii. Dr. Ibrahim Younis. Successful Aging in Light of Positive Psychology, Horus International Foundation, Alexandria, 2018.

xiii. Dr. Youssef Elias. Legal Protection of the Elderly in GCC Countries, 1st edition, Social Studies Series 69, Arab Labor Organization, Bahrain, 2012.

xiv. Dr. Muhammad Kamel Al-Batriq. Social Work: A Profession of Science and Art, 2nd edition, Anglo-Egyptian Library, 1962.

xv. Muhammad Mubarak Hajir. Social Security – A Comparative Study, Al-Hana Printing and Publishing House, Cairo, 1956.

2. Theses and Dissertations

i. Muhammad Mubarak Hajir. Social Security – A Comparative Study, PhD thesis submitted to the Faculty of Law, Cairo University, 1956.

3. Research Articles

i. Salah Al-Din Sherif. Morphological Composition Characteristics of the Worker’s Family in Developing Countries and Its Impact on Planned Social and Economic Policies, Arab Labor Journal, Cairo, Issue 11, 1978.

4. Laws, Decisions, and Instructions

i. Dissolved Revolutionary Command Council Decision No. 361 of 1985, published in the Iraqi Gazette, No. 3040, 8/4/1985.

ii. Instruction No. 7 of 1985 regarding the employment of retirees in the public, private, and mixed sectors, accessed via dorar-aliraq.net, last visited 22/5/2025.

iii. Article (3/ Fourth) of Instruction No. 7 of 1985 regarding the employment of retirees.

iv. Article (1) of Dissolved Revolutionary Command Council Decision No. 361 of 1985.

v. Article (7) of Instruction No. 7 of 1985 regarding the employment of retirees.

vi. Article (4) of Instruction No. 7 of 1985 regarding the employment of retirees.

vii. Federal Court of Cassation Decision No. 446 / General Panel / 2011, 13/2/2012 (unpublished).

viii. Unified Retirement Law No. 9 of 2014 (amended) – Article (36/ Third).

ix. Labor Law No. 37 of 2015 – Articles (17–29) on employment and vocational training.

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Published

2025-12-25

How to Cite

Ibrahim, Muhammad. 2025. “Utilizing Expertise After Retirement”. Journal of Legal Sciences 40 (2): 132-52. https://doi.org/10.35246/acptjx50.

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