Safeguarding the intangible heritage during armed conflict
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.35246/jols.v36i0.420Keywords:
Safeguarding the intangible cultural heritage, armed conflict, individual criminal responsibilityAbstract
There are many mechanisms that can be used to safeguard intangible cultural heritage during armed conflict, either indirectly through the international texts of armed conflict, from the perspective of protecting customs, traditions and religious beliefs, or directly by incorporating this heritage into UNESCO regulations. This heritage can also be preserved from the concept of human rights principles that can be applied during armed conflicts. Moreover, the best way to preserve this heritage is to prosecute and punish violators of the provisions of safeguarding this heritage, whether in national criminal courts or international criminal courts.
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المصادر العربية
i. اتفاقية جنيف الثالثة الخاصة بمعاملة الاسرى لسنة 1949 .
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i. Hague Regulations Concerning the Laws and Customs of War on Land, 1899 and 1907 .
ii. Operational Directives for the Implementation of the Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage, Ethical Principles for Safeguarding Intangible Cultural Heritage , Basic Texts of the 2003 Convention for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage
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vii. UNESCO Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage, Decision 5.COM 10.2, 18 October 2010.
viii. UNESCO Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage, Decision 10.COM 15.A, 15 October 2015.
ix. UNESCO Intergovernmental Committee for the Safeguarding of the Intangible Cultural Heritage, Decision 11.COM 15 , 2016 .
المراجع الانكليزية
i. Ana Vrdoljak , Cultural Heritage in Human Rights and Humanitarian Law , International Humanitarian Law and International Human Rights Law, Oxford University Press, Oxford 2011.
ii. Camille Péron and others , Protection of Cultural Property: Military Manual, UNESCO, Paris 2016.
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v. Jean-Marie Henckaerts and others, Customary International Humanitarian Law, Volume I, international committee of the red cross, Cambridge University Press, Reprinted with corrections 2009.
vi. Sabrina Urbinati , the evolving role of the united nations security council and the protection of cultural heritage in the event of armed conflict ,QIL the journal , vol. 1, 2014.
vii. Whitney Carter , Criminalizing the Destruction of Intangible Cultural Heritage , Anthropology News , Vol. 57, Iss. 12, 2016.
viii. Yves SANDOZ, Christophe SWINARSKI,.Claude F. WENGER , Bruno ZIMMERMANN , Commentary on the Additional Protocols of 8 June 1977to the Geneva Conventions of 12 August 1949 , International Committee of Red Cross, Brill-Nijhoff, Geneva 1987.
المراجع الالكترونية العربية
i. ابراهيم الدراجي , الجريمة الدولية , مقال منشور على الموقع :
http://www.arabnationleague.com/a_web/one_sub.php?id=1102
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