The Concept of Obligations Erga Omnes in International Law

Authors

  • هادي نعيم المالكي, أ.د. College of Law / University of Baghdad
  • علي فارس علي

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35246/jols.v36i0.424

Keywords:

Erga Omnes Oligations, Objective Regimes, Enforcement of International law, Ratio Decidendi, Obiter Dictum, Barcelona Traction Case

Abstract

The International Court of Justice, as the main judicial organ of the United Nations in its ruling on the Barcelona Traction case, raised the concept of obligations Erga Omnes in international law, but this Latin term Erga Omnes has been used with different meanings and connotations. Through the extrapolation of the jurisprudence of the International Court of Justice, we note that it used the term In the context of its traditional meaning of expressing issues related to protest and legal interest at times, and the issue of international law enforcement at other times, it also used the same term to justify the application of the effects of some international treaties on states that are not party to it, or the application of United Nations decisions to non-member states. In addition to its employment of the same concept for the purpose of imposing its jurisdiction over some disputes that come out of its jurisdiction and expanding the scope of states that are bound by their decisions.

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References

أولاً: المصادر العربية
1. عز الديـن الطيـب آدم، اختصاص محكمة العدل الدولية في النزاعات الدولية ومشكلة الرقابة على قرارات مجلس الأمن الدولي ، أطروحة دكتوراه ، كلية القانون ، جامعة بغداد ، 2003.

ثانياً: المصادر الأجنبية
I. Bruno Simma, Does the UN Charter Provide an Adequate Legal Basis for Individual or Collective Responses to Violations of Obligations Erga Omnes?, The Future of International Law Enforcement - New Scenarios – New Law, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, 1993.
II. Carlos Fernández de Casadevante Romani, Objective Regime, Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law, 2010.
III. Christian J. Tams, Enforcing Obligations Erga Omnes in International Law, New York: Cambridge University Press, 2005.
IV. Hugh Thirlway, The Law and Procedure of the International Court of Justice – Part One, British Yearbook of International Law, Vol. 72, No. 1, 1989.
V. Ian Brownlie, Principles of Public International Law, New York: Oxford University Press, 1990.
VI. Ian D. Seiderman, Hierarchy in International Law: The Human Rights Dimension, Antwerpen: Intersentia, 2001.
VII. International Court of Justice Reports, Case of Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro), Judgment of 11 July 1996.
VIII. International Court of Justice Reports, Case of Barcelona Traction, Light and Power Company, Limited (Belgium v. Spain), Judgment of 5 February 1970.
IX. International Court of Justice Reports, Case of Nuclear Tests (Australia v. France), Judgment of 20 December 1974.
X. Jan Anne Vos, The Function of Public International Law, Netherlands: Asser Press, 2013.
XI. Maurizio Ragazzi, The Concept of International Obligations Erga Omnes , New York: Oxford university press, 1997.
XII. Mommaerts Victoria, Obligations incombant aux Etats tiers du fait de la violation des règles impératives et des obligations erga omnes du droit international. Faculté de droit et de criminologie, Université catholique de Louvain, 2015.
XIII. Permanent Court of International Justice Publications, The Case Concerning of the Factory at Chorzow, 13 September 1928, series A - No. 17.
XIV. Tuomas Palosaari, More than Just Wishful Thinking? Existence and Identification of Environmental Obligations Erga Omnes , Master’s Thesis, Law School, University of Eastern Finland, 2018.
XV. Vaughan Lowe and Malgosia Fitzmaurice, Fifty Years of the International Court of Justice, New York: Cambridge University Press, 1996.

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Published

2021-12-29

How to Cite

المالكي هادي نعيم, and علي علي فارس. 2021. “The Concept of Obligations Erga Omnes in International Law”. Journal of Legal Sciences 36 (December): 1_21. https://doi.org/10.35246/jols.v36i0.424.

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