العقوبات الجزائية ضد الأفراد وإشكالات تنفيذها وفق النظام الأساسي للمحكمة الجنائية الدولية

المؤلفون

  • المدرس فراس نعيم جاسم وزارة التربية – الكلية التربوية المفتوحة
  • المدرس الدكتورة إسراء سعيد عاصي جامعة أوروك- كلية القانون

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.35246/jols.v37i1.459

الكلمات المفتاحية:

العقوبات الجزائية، إشكالات التنفيذ الدولي، الجرائم الدولية، نظام روما الاساسي

الملخص

سعى المجتمع الدولي الى إنشاء مؤسسة قضائية تعمل على تطبيق القانون بصورة عادلة نتيجة لضرورة اقتضتها ظروف المجتمع الدولي؛ بسبب الإنتهاكات الجسيمة في حق الإنسانية وقت السلم والحرب، ومن إجل إرساء معالم العدالة الجزائية الدولية بين المجتمعات والدول كافة، مما تمخض عن هذه الضرورة فكرة إنشاء محكمة جنائية دولية تتمتع بالاستقلال والحيادية تمارس اختصاصها الدولي وفق إجراءات قانونية لمحاكمة من أُتهم بأرتكاب جريمة دولية من إجل إيقاع العقوبات بحقه سواء كان (افراد أو دول)، ولكن قد ينتج عند تنفيذ هذه العقوبات بعض العوارض أو الإشكالات التي تعيق تطبيق ما حكمت به المحكمة، نتيجة تنفيذ خاطئ أو متعسف بحق الضحية أو المحكوم عليه مما يقتضي حل ذلك الإشكال وفق آلية معينة يقررها ذلك النظام.

التنزيلات

تنزيل البيانات ليس متاحًا بعد.

المراجع

First: dictionaries

i- Ibn Manzur, without a year of publication, Lisan Al Arab, Dar Sader, Beirut.

Second: Legal books

i- Apostite, Ibrahim Saoud Hamed, 2016, International Sanctions in Public International Law, Dar Al-Nahdhah Al-Arbia, Cairo.

ii- Abd Al-Latife, Ahmad Mohamed, 2013, The International Criminal Court, Its Establishment and Statute, Al-Haya Al-Masriah Al-Ama Llcatab, Cairo.

iii- Al-Jabouriy, Khalid Majid Abd Al-hamid, 2018, Criminal Policy in the Anti-Terrorism Law, a comparative study with a number of Arab and foreign anti-terror laws and with international conventions, 1st Edition, Dar Al-Faker Al-Jamai, Alexandria.

iv- Al-Sahmawi, Dr. Ibrahim, 1984, Criminal Execution and its Problems, 2nd Edition, Mutabea Greida Al-Sferr, Damanhour.

v – Srore, Dr. Ahmad Fathi,1972, The Origins of Criminal Politics, Dar Al-Nahdhah Al-Arbia, Cairo.

vi- Kashib, Dr. Al-Khayer, 2000, The Problem of Implementing Judgments of International Courts (Text and Reality), Al-Musasa Al-Jamaia Lldrasate, Beirut.

vii- Al- Sa'ed, Dr. Al-Sa'ed Mostafa, 1962, General provisions in the Penal Code, 4th edition, Cairo.

viii- Khalil, Dr. Dhari, and Youssef, Basil, 2008, The International Criminal Court: Hegemony of Law or Law of Hegemony, Mansha’at Al-Maaref, Alexandria.

ix- Al-Khalaf, Dr. Ali Hussein, and Al-Shawi, Dr. Sultan, 2010, General Principles in the Penal Code, Baghdad.

x- Al-Qahwaji, Dr. Ali Abdel-Qader, Al-Shazly, Fattouh Abdullah, 2007, Criminology and Punishment.

xi- Bassiouni, Dr. Mahmoud Sharif, 2003, The Customary Framework for International Humanitarian Law Interventions, Gaps and Ambiguities Presented by Dr. Ahmed Fathi Sorour, 1st Edition, Dar Al-Mustakbal Al-Arabi, Cairo.

xii- Hosni, Dr. Mahmoud Naguib, 1984, Explanation of Criminal Procedures, Dar Al-Nahdha Al-Arabia, Cairo.

xiii- Hosni, Dr. Mahmoud Naguib, 1973, The Science of Punishment, Dar Al-Nahdha Al-Arabiya, Cairo.

xiv- Elia Abi Madi, Roderick, 2016, International Economic Sanctions in International Law between Effectiveness and Human Rights, 2nd Edition, Manshorat Al-Halabi Al- Haquqiya, Beirut.

xv- Abd Alal, Sami Mohamed, 2015, Criminal Sanctions in Public International Law, an Applied Analytical Study in Light of The Rules of International Law, Dar Al-Jamaa Al-Jadida, Alexandria.

xvi- Abu Aita, Al-Sayed, 2015, International Criminal Law Between Theory and Practice, 1st Edition, Dar Al-Fikr Al-Jamia, Alexandria.

xvii- Abu Aita, Al-Sayed, 2019, The General Theory of Penalty in Public International Law, 1st Edition, Dar Al-Nahdja Al-Arabiya, Cairo.

xviii- Al-Ashaal, Abdullah, 2018, The General Theory of Commitment in International Law, A Comparative Study, 1st Edition, Dar Al-Kitab Al-Qanuni, Alexandria.

xix- Al-Sarraj, Abboud, 2017, General Principles in The Penal Code, Theory of Punishment, Manshorat Jama't Damashak, Damascus.

xx- Hassanein, Ezzat, 1988, The General Theory of Punishment and Precautionary Measures between Sharia and Law, Al-haya Al-Masriah Al-Ama Llktab, Cairo.

xxi- Harb, Ali Jamil, 2010, The International Penal System, International Sanctions against States and Individuals, 1st Edition, Manshorat Al-Halabi Al- Haquqiya, Beirut, Lebanon.

xxii- Al-Qahwaji, Ali Abdel-Qader, 2001, International Criminal Law, The Most Important International Crimes, International Criminal Courts, 1st Edition, Manshorat Al-Halabi Al- Haquqiya.

xxiii- Bashar, Mohamed Al-Sayed Ibrahim Youssef, 2021, The Criminal Responsibility of Legal Persons for International Crimes, a Comparative Study Between Criminal Law and Islamic jurisprudence, 1st edition, Makatabat Al-Wafa Al-Qanuniyya, Alexandria.

xxiv- El-Sawy, Mohamed Mansour, 2012, Provisions of International Law Related to Combating Crimes of an International Nature, a Study in International Social Law in The Field of Combating International Drug Crimes, Genocide, Hijacking of Planes and Other Crimes, Dar Al-Matbouat Al-Jamaia, Alexandria.

xxv- Nasseri, Maryam, 2011, The Effectiveness of Punishment for Serious Violations of the Rules of International Humanitarian Law, Dar Al-Fikr Al-Jamia, Alexandria.

Third: Letters and Theses

i- Al-Ma’ini, Ahmed Abd Al-Razzaq Hedham Nassif, 2014, The Philosophy of Punishment in International Criminal Judiciary, PhD Thesis, College of Law, Tikrit University.

ii- Assi, Esraa Saeed, 2015, Problems of Implementation in Judgments of Criminal Courts, Master’s Letter, College of Law, University of Baghdad.

iii- Abd Al-Latif, Baraa Munther, 2005, The Judicial System of the International Criminal Court, PhD Thesis, College of Law, University of Baghdad.

iv- Fatima, Boucharia, 2019, The International Penalty and Its Effectiveness, PhD Thesis, College of Law and Political Science, University of Jilani Liabis - Sidi Bel Abbes.

v- Munad, Saudi, 2015, International sanctions between the texts of the charter and actual practice, PhD Thesis, College of Law, University of Algiers.

vi- Al-Ghazzawi, Nasser Saad, 2018, Implementation of International Judgments, Master's Letter, College of Law, Cairo University.

Fourth: Research

i- Chris, Klaus, Translated by Sally Talal, 2018, on Activating The Jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court Over The Crime of Aggression, Journal of International Criminal Justice, No. 16, 2018, Republished by Al-Insani Magazine, Regional Information Center, International Committee of the Red Cross.

التنزيلات

منشور

15-06-2022

إصدار

القسم

المقالات

كيفية الاقتباس

جاسم فراس, و عاصي إسراء. 2022. "العقوبات الجزائية ضد الأفراد وإشكالات تنفيذها وفق النظام الأساسي للمحكمة الجنائية الدولية". مجلة العلوم القانونية 37 (1): 337-73. https://doi.org/10.35246/jols.v37i1.459.

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